The intracranial Windkessel implies arteriovenous pulsatile coupling increased by venous resistances

Various detailed models of cerebral circulation have been proposed, recently fostered by the hypothesized relationship between extracranial venous drainage impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. However, some basic model is missing, analogous to 2-element Windkessel (WK) systemic circulation. This theoretical study focuses, in simplest way, on dependence intracranial pressure (VP) pulsatility arterial WK resistance RV. The compliance shown exert an arteriovenous capacitive coupling (AV-CC), agumented RV increments. was estimated based (AP) flow (?ICA) waves open database 3325 virtual subjects. A normal imposing a mean VP 10 mmHg, doubled mimic hindered veins. AP transfer function showed: i) gain almost proportional RV; ii) zero slightly below heart rate (HR) corresponding pole; iii) mid-frequency derivative band up AV-CC pole, frequency which inversely iv) full at high frequencies, yet above pulse harmonic content, HR. In conclusion, besides well-known effect hindering VP, results this support hypothesis that abnormal veins may play significant role cerebrovascular imbalance related neurodegeneration.